Trifolium africanum is a perennial, low-growing clover with soft, hairy stems and leaves. It forms dense mats or tufts, typically 10 – 25 cm tall. The leaves are trifoliate, with each leaflet narrow and lance-shaped. Its flowers are produced in rounded heads, brick-red to purple in color, and appear in abundance from late spring through summer. This species is distinctive for its vibrant flower color and is easily recognized in its natural grassland and wetland habitats.
The bright brick-red flowers attract a variety of pollinating insects, especially bees, butterflies, and moths. As a legume, it enriches soils by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, supporting the health and diversity of surrounding plant communities. Its dense cover helps reduce erosion and provides microhabitat for small invertebrates and ground-dwelling species.
Flowers are produced in rounded, dense heads from late spring to summer. Pollinated by insects, especially bees. Fruits are small pods containing two seeds each, maturing in late summer.
Not a direct food source, but attracts insect prey for insectivorous birds.
Best sown in spring or early summer; seeds germinate readily in moist, well-drained soil.
Not commonly used; primary propagation is by seed.
Used by local communities for traditional medicine, including remedies for heart ailments and high blood pressure; sometimes used as a charm.
Palatable to livestock and wild grazers; contributes to pasture quality and soil improvement.
Not known to be toxic.
Valuable for grassland and wetland restoration, soil stabilization, and increasing plant and insect diversity.
